In order to avoid ship fire, the most important thing is to handle and control the fire source well, and adopt different measures to avoid fire caused by different fire sources. From the origin of fire, fire can be basically summarized into six aspects: fire caused by open or dark fire, fire caused by thermal appearance, fire caused by Mars, fire caused by electrical equipment, spontaneous ignition and fire caused by static electricity. Different measures should be taken to avoid fires of different causes.

1. Fire caused by open or dark fire

Open fire is a fire with flames, such as matches, gas cutting and oil stove fire. Dark fire is fire without flame, such as cigarette ends and sparks. No matter open fire or dark fire, we are close to the safety of everyone. A little carelessness or poor management may easily lead to fire, so we need to be particularly vigilant. There are several ways to avoid the following: 1. Personnel are often safe education, to prevent smoking in cargo compartment, engine room, boiler room, paint room, materials room, or in the storage of flammable goods cabin, workshop and open deck with dangerous goods and other occasions. (tankers can only smoke in designated smoking places) 2, do not throw cigarette ends, matches, smokers stop lying in bed smoking! It is necessary to place matches and cigarette ends in non-flammable containers (irrigants, if necessary), which should be placed (secured) in every place on board where smoking is permitted. Wait for cigarette end to subside hind, ability pours ashtray, ashtray is necessary pour in the container that has lid, nonflammable infuse water. 3. Set the ashtray with cover or water. 4. Visitors, dock loaders and boarding staff shall be reminded of the smoking rules (the first and third chief engineer). 5, the kitchen fire to be strictly handled, careful operation. 6, about the approval of the open fire work and is in the process of welding or gas cutting occasions, to send a special person ready to save the equipment beside waiting, so as to be ready to rescue. After the completion of the work within 24 hours to constantly check, patrol. 7. The whole ship shall prevent the unauthorized use of open electric furnace to cook food in the cabin. 8, between the engine room, pump is easy to deposit oil, oil and gas exhaust from the kitchen duct is easy to deposit oil and dirt, to be often sorted out (the third deputy as the view).

2. Fire caused by thermal appearance

1, exhaust pipe, superheated steam pipe and boiler shell and other thermal appearance, the application of heat insulation material is properly wrapped, if the need for repair, heat insulation material should be removed, after the repair should be immediately installed rehabilitation. 2, to the daily use of fuel tank or oil tank filling oil, to avoid oil spill splash down to the hot surface. 3. Do not put inflammable goods close to the light when loading, and shut off the power supply of the light immediately after loading and unloading (it is necessary to state that it is open). 4, do not make light bulbs or other electric heaters close to combustible objects, such as paper, cloth, cotton yarn number one, in case of temperature increase and fire. 5, for the working machine, it is often necessary to check whether the oil pressure is normal, rolling parts are useful smooth, in case of conflict heat and lead to fire.

Fire caused by Mars

Mars has a high temperature, can ignite some combustible materials (such as sulfur cargo), and can also lead to oil gas or other combustible gas explosion. Mars includes flares that fly out of chimneys, metal strikes that erupt, gas cuts that blow away, and so on. 1, to eliminate the chimney fly out of Mars, it is necessary to grasp the accurate burning time in the cylinder or stove, all engineers to care about the color of smoke exhaust and whether there is Mars, the kitchen to ensure the normal operation of the stove and regularly clean the chimney. 2, gas cutting or welding work, the spark may splash to the area of useful protection. 3, avoid all things from the height of the fall, including shoes heel nails, is not allowed by the tanker. 4, in the loading and unloading of cotton, sulfur, palm oil seeds (shells), ephedra and other flammable goods, to strengthen the duty, pay attention to whether Mars splashes on it.

Fire caused by electrical equipment

The fire caused by electrical equipment is mainly caused by short circuit, overload, improper design, device fault, insulation failure, as well as random pulling wires, arbitrary use of electric furnace and iron, etc. Avoid electrical equipment fire to pay attention to the following points: 1, to often check the quality of the wire, insulation is not outstanding, the request should be timely replaced. 2. Prevent arbitrary increase of circuit load, random wiring and installation of lights and the use of electric furnace and other equipment. 3, stop arbitrarily increase the fuse standard, do not use steel wire or copper wire to replace the fuse. 4. Fasten the fuse to avoid loosening.

V. spontaneous combustion and fire

Cotton, hemp, brown product contains cotton yarn, cable, rags and factory clothing, all stained with grease, such as exposure to air for a long time, will oxidize heat and spontaneous combustion, therefore, these may be spontaneous combustion of the material to be stored in a cool ventilated local, as far as possible away from the heat source. 1, oil stained cotton yarn, rags and other necessary to put in the metal bucket with a cover, in case of spontaneous combustion and fire. 2, to produce shore-based affairs (scheduling) announced the voyage instruction and the ship is about to perform chemical risk product (piece) of voyage mission. The primary shore-based part about it is necessary to clarify its physical properties, chemical properties and matters of attention in the loading, all can't conventional chemical products, should request when loading on board determined will be cut off and the main points of its fire protection request, the loading and personnel protection. After the captain and chief officer receive the instructions, they should carefully verify and arrange detailed fire prevention countermeasures, and clearly instruct the loading staff to pay attention to avoid natural and explosive attacks.

Fire caused by static electricity

All vessels (on tankers) shall strictly abide by the relevant ship fire safety training/operation/protection procedures to avoid the occurrence of electrostatic spark.